History of IKEA Essay

Ingvar Kamprad founded IKEA in 1943. The name IKEA is formed from Kamprad’s initials (I.K.) plus the first letters of Elmtaryd (E) and Agunnaryd (A), the farm and village where he grew up (1). IKEA originally sold pens, wallets, picture frames, table runners, watches, and jewelry and nylon stockings. Known today for its furniture, IKEA did not start furniture sales until 1948. Kamprad saw opportunities for selling furniture on a large scale, distributing the first catalogue in 1951. In 1955, in the midst of a fierce price war with a competitor, Kamprad took his company a step further by opening the first store showroom. The concept behind this was that customers could now touch and look at IKEA home furnishings before they purchased, showing that quality did not have to be sacrificed for lower prices. With this being a success, Kamprad opened the first store in Almhult, Sweden in 1958. At its opening, the 6,700-meter store was the largest home furnishings store in Scandinavia (1). Kamprad retired as IKEA Group’s president in 1986, with Anders Moberg becoming his successor. This brought about many other changes for IKEA. Starting in 1990, IKEA took interest in corporate social responsibility (1). The IKEA Group developed an environmental policy that would ensure the company and its co-workers take environmental responsibility for all activities conducted within its business. Since then, they have become more energy efficient by generating their own renewable energy. They also work with their suppliers to inspire them to do the same. One example of this is each of their facilities is fully equipped with solar panels on the roof. They also take into consideration where and how they get their raw materials. Raw materials most important to the business and those that have the highest potential environmental or social impact are wood, cotton, palm oil, leather and food (3). Taking wood, they are continually looking for ways to get the most out of the wood they use by designing their products to minimize the amount of material needed and increasing the effici ency of manufacturing. They also only use wood that comes from responsibly managed forests in an effort to safeguard wood supplies to protect the future of their business, prevent deforestation, and to support the livelihoods of those communities. In order to make sure these efforts continue IKEA hired a fulltime forestry manager to secure sustainable use of forest resources (3). Upon Anders Moberg leaving IKEA in 1999, Anders Dahlvig became the President and CEO of the IKEA Group. This brought about more changes for the company by writing out a Code of Conduct. This code of conduct called â€Å"The IKEA Way on Purchasing Home Furnishing Products (IWAY)† defines what suppliers can expect from IKEA and specifies what IKEA expects from its suppliers in terms of legal requirements, working conditions, active prevention of child labor, external environment and forestry management (1). In addition, IKEA also introduced â€Å"The IKEA Way on Preventing Child Labor† in order to ensure that their suppliers and their sub-contractors use no child labor (1). IKEA has grown rapidly since its founding. As of August 31, 2012, the IKEA Group has operations in 44 countries, including 30 service-trading offices in 25 countries. T hey also have 33 distribution centers and 11 customer distribution centers. The IKEA Group had 298 stores in 26 countries. They employ 139,000 co-workers, 99,000 in Europe, 18,000 in North America, 11,000 in Asia and Australia, and 11,000 in Russia. They send out over 212 million catalogues, which has increased their foot traffic into the retail setting to 776 million visits. As technology use increases, so has their internet and app traffic with 1.1 billion visits to their website and over 5.7 million app downloads. With these increasing numbers, they have been able to open another 18 stores around the world in 2012 (5). IKEA’s vision and business statement paraphrased is to provide quality furniture products at a low price for all. Their product has always been furniture and over the past few years, they have grown to a company that is well known among all ranges of income from, broke college students to wealthy senior executives of companies. They do provide quality products whose function and style rival all other products in their industry. With those rival products, they also have prices that are lower than any of their competitors can afford to rival. How do they do it? IKEA is a very cost conscience company, where other companies will spend large sums of money on employee accommodations, IKEA does not. They tell of an instance where employees were at a conference and instead of paying for them to stay in the one and only hotel in town, an overpriced Marriot, they had their employees sleep in their cars (6). They have recently adopted a new energy saving method for each of their stores, both bettering the atmosphere as well as cutting energy costs. This mentality of saving, though extreme, has allowed the company to build a business into an industry leader in quality and price that most companies are not able to touch, based on their spending habits. This has been the mentality of the company structure since day one. Kamprad grew up in a farm-based village where people were not used to having quality products at an affordable price. From this, he developed the mentality and business structure that continues. The company has grown immensely due to their overall understanding of cost cutting and satisfying customer needs. The companies’ culture, as listed above, is all about saving money to provide a better company and product to the customer. One example of this is Kamprad had made company employees sleep in cars on a business trip. Having not talked to an employee that was forced to sleep in their car, as opposed to a Marriot hotel bed, I cannot say how they feel toward the company. That being said, I could make two inferences. The first is that the employees were upset. They should be provided with the basic essentials of life when on a business trip and the company should be able and willing to provide that. My second inference would be that these employees made this decision for themselves as well as the company, for the overall benefit of the company. The company advertises that that they share values for each employee. They ask for a unique employee and they advertise that they are not â€Å"filling jobs† but rather collaborating with people based on shared unique values. They compose and suggest these four-shared values as just a start to their list of shared values; One: togetherness, two: cost-consciousness, three: respect, four: simplicity. With those, four shared values maybe being their foundations, it would be easy to say that all employees, if truly investing time and effort into these values, are happy to work together in a uniform effort to save money as well as remain simple and respect one another. This would imply that they all are happy to work together in a situation that is best for everyone, as well as the company. IKEA is an industry leader when it comes to cutting costs and providing quality furniture at a price for everyone. In the market place, they have established themselves with their main competitive advantage to be price. They have done this in a way that most companies are not willing or would be too difficult for companies to rebuild their business model; and thus they are an industry leader. IKEA has established their marketing strategy as a furniture store that provides its customers with stylish furniture at an affordable price. Its founder Ingvar Kamprad instilled this strategy/mindset of the company. Mr. Kamprad’s mission for IKEA is to offer â€Å"a wide range of home furnishing items of good design and function, at prices so low that the majority of people can afford to buy them.† Therefore, IKEA’s focus is finding ways to lower prices yet still maintain the quality product they have been delivering, to its customers, for 70 years. This is their competitive advantage. IKEA maintains their competitive advantage by operating outside the practices of the conventional furniture supplier. A typical furniture store has an open show floor, where customers can peruse at their own leisure. IKEA steers away from this by designing its store in a trail pattern. This forces the buyer to proceed to the entire store and possibly find items they might not had intended on purchasing. Another thing IKEA does differently is, instead of providing delivery for every purchase, IKEA provides means of attaching containers on a customer’s car. This allows them to be able to take the furniture home the same day that they purchased it (7). The containers are usually pods that strap onto the top of a car. Then the customer takes it home and brings it back upon their next visit to IKEA. In addition, IKEA requires more of its customers than classic furniture stores. IKEA does not offer pre-assembled furniture. IKEA’s furniture is easy to assemble furniture that customers can take home and quickly put together (7). They take pride in the simplicity of their designed assembly. They also will not place a cumbersome item that would need to be assembled in the store because it is neither cost effective nor customer friendly (7). IKEA’s main strength comes from their value chain. â€Å"Unique design capabilities, unique sourcing, and tightly controlled logisti cs†¦they are able to produce products that are distinctive enough to provide market recognition, secure sourcing for long runs at profitable levels, and reduce inventory costs through regional warehouses which work closely with stores† (4). Meaning, IKEA is in complete control from furniture design to furniture delivery and storage. IKEA’s main weakness, one could assume, would be the large operation that it is. IKEA now operates in 29 different countries with over 2,000 suppliers in over 50 countries. With the large span of products and countries involved, maintaining control and communication will pose as one of IKEA’s biggest issues. The biggest challenge IKEA is facing would be wood. IKEA consumes 1% of total commercial wood, which amounts to over 13.5 million cubic meters (8). With all this considered, IKEA is launching a new campaign to operate in a more economic-friendly way by only processing wood that has been FSC certified. They are slowly incorporating new policies and plan to be â€Å"forest positive† by 2020; however, missed their 2012 goal of using 35% of their wood from FSC certified wood mainly because according to IKEA’s CSO Steve Howard, ‘only 7% of the world’s forest areas are currently certified to FSC standards† (8). However, IKEA is not only meeting obstacles from the environment, certain countries bureaucratic powers are causing some difficulty for further advancement in the country. China is one of these countries. The Chinese government is imposing harsh restrictions on its real estate market, which has caused stores to close (9). IKEA continues to grow every year by saving money at their current locations through energy saving building and using renewable resources. With their corporate responsibility programs, they continue lead the way in their industry. They also continue to work toward a better future for children all over the world through their Child Labor initiatives. As they continue to keep costs down, they will continue to expand all over the world. Works Cited 1. â€Å"About IKEA.† History. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Feb. 2013. 2. â€Å"Facts &Figures.† Inter IKEA Systems B.V. N.p., Oct. 2012. Web. 16 Feb. 2013. 3. Canada, Newswire. â€Å"IKEA Group releases 2011 Sustainability Report.† Canada Newswire 15 Feb. 2012: Regional Business News. Web. 16 Feb. 2013. 4. Grol, Paul, Christopher Schoch, and Michel Roger. â€Å"Culture as a Competitive Advantage.† Efbl.org. N.p., 16 Dec. 2010. Web. 13 Feb. 2013. 5. â€Å"IKEA Group SWOT Analysis.† IKEA Group SWOT Analysis (2012): 1-8. Business Source Complete. Web. 16 Feb. 2013. 6. Lewis, Elen. â€Å"Chapter 2: Ingvar Kamprad: The Grand Designer.† GBS: Great IKEA!. 28-45. n.p.: Marshall Cavendish Limited, 2004.Business Source Complete. Web. 16 Feb. 2013. 7. â€Å"The IKEAConcept.† Inter IKEA Systems B.V. N.p., Oct. 2012. Web. 16 Feb. 2013. 8. Kelly, Annie. â€Å"IKEA to Go ‘forest Positive’ à ¢Ã‚€Â“ but Serious Challenges Lie Ahead.† The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 14 Dec. 2012. Web. 16 Feb. 201 3. 9. â€Å"WantChinaTimes.com.† WantChinaTimes.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Feb. 2013.

Wealth of the Nation and the First Industrial Revolution

Wealth has had many factors that contribute to the meaning given by the Merriam-Webster Dictionary (2009), which defines wealth as â€Å"abundance of material possessions or resources.†In the early part of the United States, depending on the location in the continent, wealth was determined by different factors, especially after the Industrial Revolution.   In the South, with slavery abounding, wealth was not just about the land owned, or the crops sold, but it included the number of slaves that the plantation owner had on the plantation.In the North, the industrial revolution and technology grew and wealth was based on the type of product, number manufactured, monopoly of the industry, and innovation and development of new machines (A Coming Industrial Change, 6; Johnson, 35; Mr. Lloyd’s Book on Trusts, 23; Smith, 256; Topic of the Times, 6; The New Orleans Exposition, 4; The World’s Exposition, 3).Just like wealth, the industrial revolution took on many aspect s and was defined in many different ways depending on the location in the world.   While Britain and Western Europe really started the industrial revolution, the United States quickly took over as the leading innovator and wealthiest nation.However, it was not long before Japan and China were imitating the industrialized countries, and trying to gain in the revolution and wealth that was to be had by all.   The belief was that the Japanese could â€Å"copy ‘any pattern or design more accurately and skillfully than any other artisan in the world’† (What the Country Has Achieved During the Last Forty Years, 29).In the United States, the wealth and industrial revolution were separated in terms of North and South.   The North brought in machines and new technologies to help them use the products of the South.   Factories were created and manufacturing of goods began and refined in the following years.The export to other countries increased as did the wealth a nd educational facilities of the north and mid-west.   With the factories at optimum efficiency of the time, and more settlers moving west, the next logical step in the north was the creation of railroads (A Coming Industrial Change, 6; Johnson; Pioneer Railroad Men, 2; Topic of the Times, 6).

How to Write the Carnegie Mellon Essays 2015-2016

Founded by Andrew Carnegie in 1900, Carnegie Mellon University is a private research university home to over 6,000 undergraduates. Located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, the college boasts 17 varsity teams in the NCAA Division III classification. While it frequently finds itself placed in the top 25 colleges in the nation, perhaps Carnegie Mellon is best recognized for its phenomenal Computer Science program—except for a brief deviation in 2009, CMU is consistently ranked #1 in Computer Science, beating out the likes of Stanford, Cornell, and MIT. Its other programs aren’t too shabby, either, and as a result over 33,000 seniors each year apply to CMU. Applicants to CMU have seven different colleges to choose from: Regardless of whichever college student choose, all applicants are required to fill out a writing supplement. With an acceptance rate of just 18%, students will need to write top-notch essays to secure their spot. Luckily, Admissions Hero is here to help: Note: this year’s CMU app is essentially identical to last year’s. We’ve updated this year’s post only slightly to reflect new trends in admissions. Read last year’s post here . Please submit a one page, single-spaced essay that explains why you have chosen Carnegie Mellon and your particular major(s), department(s) or program(s). This essay should include the reasons why you’ve chosen the major(s), any goals or relevant work plans and any other information you would like us to know. For freshmen applying to more than one college or program, please mention each college or program to which you are applying. Because our admission committees review applicants by college and program, your essay can impact our final decision. Candidates applying for early decision or transfer may apply to only one college and department. This prompt is essentially asking you to write a â€Å"Why X† essay for Carnegie Mellon. Because so many students apply to CMU, the admissions officers are interested in accepting only the students who are genuinely interested in attending CMU. Therefore, you should do some research to find specific examples of resources you would like to take advantage of as a potential CMU student. For some, this might mean going online to read more about CMU’s Fine Arts resources; for others, you might want to ask your close friend who attends CMU about the engineering facilities. Either way, the goal is to have some details on-hand for when you go to write your essay. When you actually answer this question, your best bet is to cover three topics: If you can answer all three questions in a smooth manner, then you will have an effective essay.   List the books (if any) you’ve read this year for pleasure. Choose one and in a sentence describe its impact on you. There’s no â€Å"trick† to this question—the adcoms literally just want to know what books you’ve read this past year. You should have some books to list, but be as truthful as possible. If you are unsure which book you want to choose to describe in one sentence, then ask yourself, â€Å"Is there anything I want to tell the admissions officers about myself that I haven’t already?† If you have a clear answer to this question, then you can strategically choose a book that will allow you to convey that message when you describe its impact on you. For example, if you haven’t yet told the adcoms about your deep love of philosophy—specifically, when it comes to morality—then you might accordingly choose Justice , by Michael J. Sandel and describe how the book allowed you to examine various case studies and develop a new perspective on what morality really is. If there was an interruption during your secondary school or collegiate experience or between your secondary school and collegiate experience (gap year(s)) when you were not enrolled and as a result, not making normal academic progress, please explain the reason for the interruption. The majority of students will not have to answer this question; however, if you are a student who fits the description above, then your best bet is to honestly describe what occurred. If you feel that your reliability or character is called into question when you only objectively describe the situation, then succinctly explain yourself at the end of your description and—if appropriate—express that things will be different in the future. For students whose interruptions were due to taking a gap year (or something similar), then describe your experience and explain its impact on you briefly. For example, maybe you volunteered in Africa for 6 months and now you are a more mature individual. Finally, if you took time off due to a family occurrence or illness, then—once again—explain the situation and leave it at that. While not a requirement, have you been interviewed by an alumni or on campus representative prior to applying for admission? If so, indicate the name of your interviewer and tell us how it impacted your decision to apply. This question is pretty straightforward if you did not get interviewed before applying to CMU—don’t answer it. If you did receive an interview, then hopefully you remembered to record your interviewer’s name. When describing how it impacted your decision to apply, it’s best to recall specific details from your conversation—for example, maybe you and your interviewer share a love of Quidditch, and your interviewer mentioned to you that CMU has a strong Quidditch team. Mentioning small yet specific details about either CMU or your interviewer’s experience with CMU will go a long away in showing that you were impacted by your interview.

Germany Energy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Germany Energy - Essay Example Therefore, as countries strive to meet the growing energy demands, they have to put measures of reducing carbon emissions as well. This paper discusses the major issues associated with electricity supplies to meet the demand and low carbon emissions in Germany. Generation and consumption of electricity in Germany has been increasing in the past decade and the trend is expected to continue in future. Electricity in the country is mainly generated from coal and nuclear energy (Keller & Gert). However, utilization of renewable energy and natural gas has been increasing significantly in the last two decades. Brunekreeft (2002) noted that electricity generated from renewable sources has increased by approximately three times in the last twenty years. Thermal power plants account the largest source of electricity in the country. These plants make extensive use of coal, which contributes significantly to environmental degradation by emitting greenhouse gases and other air pollutants. From the table (2) above, it is apparent that heavy reliance on coal and methane in production of electricity contributes to the high levels of carbon emissions in Germany. According to Low Carbon Societies Network (2004), the per capital emission in (t CO2) in Germany was 9.7 in 2007 compared with France which had 5.8 during the same period. Nuclear is the second most important source of electricity in the country and its contribution has been declining gradually since 1998, when the German government introduced the nuclear phase out policy. However, unlike coal, nuclear does not contribute significant amounts of carbon emissions. Electrical consumption in Germany varies across the different sectors, with the industrial sector consuming the largest proportion of the energy. Industries consume the largest proportion of electricity, due to presence

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D&a-final paper - Essay Example In Maurices words, his father, "made airplane parts and made money" (Official Barry Corbin Site). Maurice developed an early interest in flying because of a dinner guest who came to his home on Sundays and told stories of flying. Maurice talks favorably about his father but he does not have a lot to say about his mother. Not much is known about Maurices childhood because he did not talk about this in the first interview. He talks more about his accomplishments as though he was attempting to impress the counselor. He talks about his accomplishment in high school where he became an Eagle Scout and president of the Young Republicans Club. He also graduated as the Valedictorian of his class and began military training at Annapolis afterwards (Official Barry Corbin Site). He reports that he loved Boot Camp USMC, Parris Island because in his words, "you walked in one man and you walked out another" (Official Barry Corbin Site). Maurice has stayed the course of being a military man and this was a very important aspect of his life that gave him a structure that made sense to him. Maurice became a "fly boy" in the Korean War and is proud of the fact that he had 15 confirmed kills during that time. This was a very important period for him because he gained a level of self respect and became more of a man in his eyes. He eventually became an Astronaut and is now a multi-millionaire. Maurice had many endorsements and he had "plenty of women" because they liked to sleep with him because he was famous (Brand and Falsey, 1992). Maurice currently lives by himself in a large home outside Cicely. He has had a long-term relationship with a police officer, Barbara, who shares his love of the military and of guns. He has recently asked Barbara to marry him and she has accepted, though they have not set a date yet. Maurice states that Barbara is the only woman who he feels

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Arctic Plankton Bloom - Assignment Example When a scientist says that productivity is a rate, he/she means that it is the rate at which organic matter is produced (National Geographic, n.d.). More clearly, in a scientific perspective, biological productivity is the annual rate of biomass production expressed in tons per hectare per year. Before discussing the factors that influence productivity in various ocean environments like the surf zone, mid-ocean and the deep abyss, it is important to understand the fact that oceans account for only one-third of Earth’s productivity although they cover roughly two-third of the Earth’s surface area. In oceans, coastal regions are characterized with the greatest net primary production. Thorne-Miller (1999) states that diversity of species in surf zone is low but the species that remain in this ocean environment is unusually productive, making the surf zone one of the most productive marine habitats. Wave action is a major factor that influences productivity in the surf zone indirectly. It supplies â€Å"nutrients and suspended food particles to plants and animals attached to the rock† (p. 68). In addition, the wave action keeps seaweeds wet in times of low tide, leading to a favorable photosynthesis rate during the period of greatest light intensity. Thorne -Miller also says that seaweeds and invertebrates living in the surf zone have the capability to adapt to the challenging physical conditions there (p.68). In the words of Foulger (2011), the major factors that determine productivity in mid-oceans include the local plate boundary configuration, temperature, and source composition such as volatiles. Productivity is notably improved by enhanced source fertility. A high fertile source will be characterized with a lower solidus, and this in turn would yield a higher level melting at a given temperature resulting in the thickening of the oceanic crust (p.87). Tyler (2003)

Car Insurance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Car Insurance - Essay Example Due to the nature and dynamics of the car industry, it is faced with massive risks especially due to accidents which may occur at any time. Statistics indicate that the automobile industries faces the most number of accidents and property loss as compared to other sectors that other insurance policy covers, Laws in almost all countries forbid the driving of automobile without necessary insurance policy cover. Vehicle owners are faced by a big problem when it comes to the choice an insurance policy. Hasty policy buying often lead to wrong choices and huge loses are incurred by the insured person. According to (Malcolm 78), the first and the most important factor is the cost of the insurance cover, most insurance companies offer differing rate for a given policy. Before buying an insurance cover there is need for critical evaluation of the price. This can be done through requesting several companies to send their price quote for each car insurance cover. Cheap insurance premiums can be very deceptive, it is important that the car asks for and reads the whole insurance policy document before settling on the insurance cover policy. There are different insurance packages each covering a different set of individual protection. Some of these include; Third Party Insurance; which is a very cheap cover and protects the insured from third party risks e.g. fire and car theft. Body Injury; which pays up to certain coverage limit, injury and death to the people with the operator of the car at the time of the risk. Defense costs; which are incurred during the law suit are also covered. P roperty Damage; which pays up to a given coverage limit for the other vehicles involved in an accident in which you are legally responsible for the accident. Medical Expenses; pays for all hospital bill, doctors and funeral expenses to those injured in accidents. Uninsured And Underinsured covers all pain and suffering that are not covered by the medical cover. Collision Coverage ; covers damage for the vehicle up to a given limit, Compressive Cover; full policy that pays for up to a given specified amount for vehicle damage, vehicle loss and damage due to theft, floods, fire, vandalism, hail. It covers for all expenses regardless whose fault it was. It's a general requirement for those with car loans. Rental Reimbursements; pay up to a given specified limit, the charges for rental services when your vehicle is being repaired. Labour and towing (breakdown cover), covers for charges incurred in transporting a damaged vehicle to the garage. Delivery of oil battery and other accessorie s are covered but their actual costs aren't included (Sternberg 143) the payment method is another vital consideration which is dictated by the amount of money at hand during a given duration (Vaughan 241). Depending on the vehicle owner cash inflows, he can decide to pay insurance premiums yearly or the policy can be paid in monthly installment. Monthly installments are preferred by many but are more expensive as there in a small additional cost charged because of paying over a period (Rogers 133) Another very important factor is where the car owner lives, with the advancement of technology, insurance covers are availed online, it is however important to

Chapter 9 Discussion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Chapter 9 Discussion - Essay Example Moral decisions are always required to cater to moral skepticism that haunts all of us in our modern life and moral ideals are virtues that can help us overcome the universal dilemma of right and wrong. However, the issues of right and wrong may not always hold true in different situations. Nevertheless, the moral ideals of honesty, justice and courage are the trinity that can help moral decision-making even when the end or means seem clouded with thoughts of right and wrong. Say for instance, whatever be the situation a person having courage to face the truth can be honest to himself or herself about the true thoughts that are there in his or her mind or he/she can face the truth about the situation honestly with the courage to face it all. Justice can objectively help the person to come to a fair decision where the sense of honesty will always help the person to take the side of truth and not give in to any temptations that are wrong or whatever stands to be wrong in a certain situ ation. The main aim is not to get blinded by passion or personal vengeance or subjective beliefs. Whatever be the situation an honest person will always know what is right or wrong – to support the right side requires the moral ideal of courage and to take a step towards the right decision making takes more than courage – it takes the sense of Justice and impartial and objective decision-making to see the truth and justify it. Without a sense of Justice, which helps to evaluate situation, its merits and demerits, one can fall prey to rash decision-making or one can take up arms against a situation through the sheer impulse of courage, once they know that they are right. However, honesty alone cannot help in objective decision-making that also requires prudence and steeling the will to face the truth, as it may not always be pleasant. Justice is the cornerstone of law and it always imbues in us a kind

Research Paper on Why So Many Failed Drug Tests with Athletes in

On Why So Many Failed Drug Tests with Athletes in Professional Sports - Research Paper Example School level education programs are really essential to increase athletes’ awareness of the negative effects of substance abuse and thus to create an anti-doping culture. Please find enclosed my article titled, â€Å"Failed Drug Tests with Athletes in Professional Sports† for your kind perusal. This overview of the alarming issue of drug abuse and falsified performance tendencies among athletes makes an empirical study of the scenario with a list of actual cases and citations for the relevance and accuracy of the material. This article exposes the real facets of the influence of the contrabands at the core of reality with a belief that investigative studies in the field of ethical and health issues may be encouraged for the benefit of a transparent sports world. While being aware of the very fact that complete elimination of performance-enhancing drugs is not practical in the near future, a few recommendations are suggested in the article to regulate the management of global sports for total dope-free competitions. Apart from addressing the issue from a social and individual perspective, for the compilation of this article, names of several prolific sports personalities who have been defamed for having failed tests for doping or substance misuse have been mentioned. Although the references are not deliberate, it is expected that the inclusion of such names will mark a symbolic effect among the readers about the social and professional destruction caused by this evil tendency. Thus, with due humility and appreciation for your excellence, I submit this article before you. I hope the compromises made at meeting the standards at different areas may be excused and this work will be considered for a favorable approval. Professional sports have been a primary area of concern for most of the developed countries since ancient periods because they perceived sport activities as an opportunity to demonstrate their

Asian Economic Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Asian Economic Development - Essay Example To understand these would bring clarity to the phenomenal success of this unique and dazzling city-state. The early 19th century saw the British expanding their dominions in India. It was also the time of growing trade with China, primarily for the precious tea sought by the British market. The extensive route that British merchantmen had to follow led them into territorial waters dominated by the Dutch and their East Indies colonies in Malaya. Malay pirates also roamed the route which made the British feel isolated and their position precarious in the region. It was important for Britain to open a port that could refit, revitalize, and protect its merchant vessels. Aside from the need to secure their mercantile fleets and their cargo, Britain was also looking for ways to check Dutch expansion in Southeast Asia. Thus, The Governor-General of India, Lord Hastings, instructed Sir Stamford Raffles to establish a trading station on the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula. Raffles chose the island of Singapore (Flower 1984). Raffles thought of ways to establish British hold and attr... Thus, Singapore was snatched by the British from right under their noses. To attract traders which were already engaged in Dutch ports, he made Singapore into a free port. Traders could come and sell their goods without paying tariffs or taxes. This attracted Malay and Chinese tradesmen and all sorts of goods flooded into the island. Settlements grew and soon, free trade and strategic location transformed Singapore into a major centre for commerce in the region. Trade continued to flourish and what used to be a simple fishing grew as a free port espousing free trade, welcoming traders from all over the region. Singapore became a Crown colony after the Second World War in 1945. In 1959, it was granted self-government and joined Malaysia in September 1963. However, differences between leaders brought about separation and Singapore became an independent nation in 1965 (History of Singapore 2006). To date, Singapore's location, harbour and free port remain as its strong geographic advantages. With a small land area and population, the country is dependent on international trade which is much lager than its domestic market. In fact, as it recovered from the Asian financial crisis in 1988, its international trade was thrice its domestic earnings. This strength also proves to be its vulnerability, since its dependence on international trade also makes it sensitive to the fluctuations in the international market. As the country responds well to periods of growth and prosperity, minor negative developments in international trade can also result to major recessions in the Singaporean economy. Although domestic leadership and policies try to mitigate the effects of a constantly

Marital Paradigm Essay Example for Free

Marital Paradigm Essay I grew up in a joint family in India, which had 3 married couple and their kids. Marital relationships that I saw in my family were not great but not bad either. All the men used to work in the family business and the women used to take care of the children and the house. Many times my parents used to fight and my dad used to scream at my mom, but my mom never had the guts to say anything to him. I always saw that my mom was scared of him and I used to question myself why doesn’t she reply back. And being a girl myself I used to think that probably girls cant say anything when theirs husband are screaming at them. I used to talk to my mom and tell her why cant she reply back, but I never really got an answer. I always saw my mom as the weaker one in the relationship. On the other hand we had a family friend and both husband wife used to work as college professors. In their house the husband never screamed at the wife, I am sure they had conflicts but you could totally see the respect that he gave to his wife. When I grew a little bit older my mom started telling me how she felt. That was when she told me that she was a housewife and my dad was the one who earned in the family and thus he could talk like that to my mom. My dad always dominated her as he is the man of the family and is the one responsible for all the decisions of the family. And this was not only my parents I 4saw this trend throughout my family with the other two couples as well. Certain assumptions that I saw in the relationships were that even if it was my dad’s fault, my mom always had to be the first one to apologize. Also since my mom is eight years younger than my dad I saw that my dad didn’t really understand her and took her for granted at times. Bring the older one he tried to impose certain things on her. I also saw that if I tried to calm down my dad he didn’t like it as I was a child and I should not be involved in their matters. This training has had a lot of impact on my relationships. As I always saw my mom being dominated by my dad, I didn’t want that to happen with me. When I grew up I had certain things very clear in my mind. I wanted to be educated enough so that I can earn myself and have a good job, so I never dependent on my husband for anything. For that reason I came to USA and decided to study here. In my past relationships, I made it very clear to my artners that my career is more important than anything in my life and I wouldn’t leave it for anyone. I was also very clear about anyone screaming at me. Since I saw my mom always being screamed at and I always hated it. Also I have certain things straight for my future. I want my husband to understand that I will not stop working and be a housewife, so that later I have to dependent on him. I want him to respect my decisions and me. Many times I have seen that the women of the house are not asked to contribute in family matters, and I think that is not right at all. So I want to have a relationship where we both contribute in the family matters and come to a conclusion together. I am not yet married but I think the things I have in mind for my marital relationship are very clear. According to the book women still do two-third of the household work. I think if women can earn like men do, then men should work the same like women. I think my idea of marriage is based on a simple rule, which is to give the amount of resect you get. And I think it is pretty healthy because if two people cannot respect each other for what they are then they cannot be together for long. Moreover I have been taught marriage is not only about two people, but it is about two families that get together. And I expect my husband to respect and get along with my family as being the only child I think my parents are my responsibility and will always be. Thus whoever marries me has to understand the importance of my parents in my life, and on the other hand I want to be comfortable with his family too. I also feel that at times girls tend to be too clingy with their partners, and I think that is one reason why guys get irritated. Therefore I would like to give space to my husband when he needs and expect the same from him. Some people might think that this is being stupid but I know I wouldn’t like if my husband gets over protective about me, and the same way I don’t want to be over protective about him. I know it’s not easy to be with a person like me who is over ambitious. And at times it can be a problem for guys to see the girl so much into her work, and for me my career has always been more important than anything. I think this can be a problem when I get married, because at times it has been a problem for my boyfriends to understand my passion about my work. This is something I want to work on as most of the times guys don’t understand this. Also I like the idea of peer marriage as in a marriage where both people respect each other equally and understand each other’s likes and dislikes it becomes easier to be together. According to the book faithfulness is the number one reason for marital success. And I totally agree with this, even if the physical relationship between two people is not that good, if they both are faithful to each other nothing can separate them. My parents have not only taught me to be faithful but I also have seen this in their relationship. Even though my father was dominating my mother, they are still together. This is because no one of them was unfaithful to the other. Also I think from a few years the fights between my parents reduced I think this happened because they saw that I am a grown up now and all this might affect my thoughts about marriage. Children are a big reason why two people stay together even if they don’t want to. But I think that’s not right. I don’t want my husband to be with me just because of our children, because that’s doing a favor to our relationship. I would like us to be together because we make each other happy not because of a third reason. I am brought up in a culture where non-marital sex is not accepted. And these values are embedded inside me. I know now a days girls have sex when they are 14 years of age, but I am 21 years old and I am still a virgin. Being in USA and telling your boyfriend that you wont have sex with him because of your culture is not easy. Many times people judge my beliefs but that has not affected me at all. I want my husband to respect my beliefs and understand where I am coming from. Because for me a relationship is not only about getting physical, there is a lot more to it, and what I have heard and seen around me is that guys only want to get physical. I know according to the book sex is the second reason why marriages work. But for me it is not. I am not against sex at all, but I don’t want my marriage to be dependent on it. Book talks about homogamous marriage, which is a type of marriage in which spouses share their race, ethnicity, age, or social class. Basically a marriage where the two people have something in common. Obviously my parents want me to get married to a guy from the same caste and I agree with them. Because I think if the guy is familiar with my religion, my caste, and my society there is better change of understanding between both of us. In a nutshell I want a marriage where we both can share our happiness, and problems with each other without any problem. A relationship where I get the same respect that I give to the other person.

Case Analysis of Sutton Health Essay Example for Free

Case Analysis of Sutton Health Essay This network identified that traditional payment processing system had limitations that hindered the effective collecting of revenue. What with the recession, healthcare organizations have seen an increase in the inability to collect debt from the self-pay, the uninsured and underinsured patients. This has caused a lot of struggle when it comes to the organizations to meet the operational margins and the profits. I find there are a number of reasons for the new increase in patient’s debts, the most common are, poor accounting practices, lack of patient information and correct demographics. There is new governance that is designed to provide more coordinated care to said patients (Gleeson,2010). There are five geographic regions that reflects the health care access to the customers of Northern California. Each of the five regions will have governance structure and it will oversee many of the Sutter affiliated medical facilities and also the hospitals. In its effort to increase point of service collections and improve the overall revenue cycle Sutter health took steps to measure performance using a handful of specific primary benchmarks, empowering PFS staff to assume responsibility for every individual account they handle, ensure each registration is analyzed using a rules engine to identify problems before patients leave the registration desk and ensure PFS staff receive appropriate comprehensive training to excel under the new system† (Souza, McCarty, 2007). Obtaining the correct patient information plays a large part on non-collectable debt because patients are not able to be reached. These limitations were associated with limited access to accurate information by the account representatives, ineffective performance measures and fragmented centers of the service provision. The Sutter Health program developed a system that was comprised of solutions that were geared towards overcoming these limitations. The key problems and issues, is that the United States healthcare system is characterized by huge upkeep from collecting revenue from patients. This situation is brought about by a health care insurance system which entails high deductible pay health plans and as well as higher co-payments plan. (Souza, McCarty, 2007). This situation has been made worse through the large proportion of the population not having healthcare coverage. The traditional health care system has had a hard time meeting their target revenue collection. This is due to several problems that attached along with the traditional payment system. Unlike when dealing with the payments through insurance claims but also dealing with the up-front payments that are required by the hospital for payment of services before the patient could even receive the service (Souza, Mccarty, 2007). So this means that the patient services staff (PFS) has to have complete and accurate information about above said client. This presented a problem for the traditional payment system where much of the customer payment system was processed in the back end. This system also required that the PFS staff ask for money from self-pay patients, but the PFS were not accustomed to this under the traditional system. The PFS staff found it hard to wait for the back end section to process customer information and to provide a breakdown of the patients payment details. So this became a tedious task for hospital accounting departments as well as for patients that had to wait a longer period before receiving services. The inefficiency of the traditional system not only resulted in low quality services, but also in low revenue collections. The system provides such a broad range of health care services, which include acute, sub- acute, home health, long term, outpatient care as well as physician delivery systems. These services are provided through an integrated health care delivery approach that gives the system the ability to deliver a full range of healthcare products and services. rks. Sutter also recognized that the traditional system did not provide a means for analyzing selected data nor did it generate required detailed report on demand. This led to more cost as the hospital had to rely on programmers to generate such reports. The front desk staff also lacked real time information which hindered their ability to serve the client without consulting the back end staff. It also meant that the front desk staff could not monitor the patients progress (Souza, McCarty, 2007). Another challenge was that the PFS members were not empowered enough to be held accountable for each patients accounts they dealt with and it reduced the amount of accountability among the staff. These are some of the key challenges that the Sutter system were meant to address. The solutions that were employed by Sutter Health was an attempt to overcome the challenges stated above. Sutter Health implemented certain changes in the fore mentioned system that would make their operation more efficient. The strategies identified by the Sutter program entailed transferring most of the back end tasking to the front desk; providing accurate and complete information to managers and upfront staff; providing more effective performance evaluation and integrating all data elements within the system (Souza, McCarty, 2007). Allowing front desk staff to handle much of the payment process was deemed to have an effect on the efficiency of the process. Various solutions were employed to ensure that this is achieved. One of these solutions entailed using benchmarks to measure performance by the Patient Service Staff (PFS). Sutter identified a handful of primary benchmarks which included; Unbilled A/R days, Gross A/R days, Major A/R days, Cash Collection,percentage of A/R over 90, 180, 360 days (Souza, McCarty, 2007). This benchmark introduced shorter periods with which staff performances could be evaluated. This move was timely especially when onsidering that the industry has changed and things happen in terms of hours and days but not months. Another solution involved empowering the PFS members to have full responsibility over the accounts they are dealing with. This move was meant to increase a sense of responsibility and accountability as each individual members will be responsible for his or her own account (Souza, McCarty, 2007). This also gave the PFS members more autonomy to act as they saw fit and this improved the speed and efficient of service delivery by these staff members. The program also provided the PFS members with tools, that enabled them to automate their accounts, sort out their accounting using various means and seen their performances based on the achievement of the target. PFS and other accountant representatives were presented with individual dashboards that helped in the tracking of their progress in meeting targets. This also helped in enforcing the benchmarks set by this program. Sutter’s health program also introduced a front end collecting system as means of overcoming the mentioned problems. The pint of access collecting system introduced an opportunity for the health care facilities to reduce claims and denials. Though this system the patient records are analyzed before the patient leaves the registration desk. This enables the front desk staff to identify problems such as bad debt, patient or invalid patient type early enough and take the necessary corrective action. The Sutter health program also embarked on a comprehensive training program that was designed to support the existing PFS members and the registration staff. This gave staff the necessary competence to deal with the tools provided by this system. The training program also eliminated the need to hire formally educated staff to operate the system that would and more than the $10-$20 an hour paid to current registration and PFS staff. For example, registration staff who were not used to asking patients for money were trained in effective communication skills. The training was also designed to introduce autonomy and effectiveness which acted as a motivator to the employee.

Hand Made Paper Products Marketing Essay

Hand Made Paper Products Marketing Essay Today in the world of modernization, the rapid urban growth has led to ecological deterioration globally. Many nations are adopting eco friendly practices in order to maintain balance between development and environment of the region. To contribute positively in the advancement and sustainable development, UAE is acting as a central point for all nationalities and ages which are concerned with the environmental protection and waste management. The UAE takes initiative to build green economy in the region and practices with several programmes and policies with an aim to become one of the world leaders for export of technology as well as eco friendly products. It also maintain a sustainable environment to support long term growth (Mohammed unveils UAEs Green Economy, 2012). This initiative includes several policies in the area of investment, agriculture and energy in which hand made paper products is one of the practices implemented in UAE. The demand of hand made paper products are gradually increasing for both domestic and industrial utilization. Handmade papers are used for the purpose of crafting, manufacturing gift items and carry bags. The handmade products are eco friendly in nature and also admired for style, simplicity and easy for use. Literature Review: The growth of handmade paper products has been remarkable as sustainability appeals directly to consumers. The education and awareness leads to the usage of the green products or eco friendly products in the society (Finding the green in todays shoppers). The usage of products is depending on consumers perception which can be influenced by the social awareness programs and also by avoiding hazardous and harmful products. For example, in order to promote paper bags usage of poly bag is restricted in India. The majority of consumers, more than eighty percents care about the uses of renewable energy (Harleysville, April 2011). At the same time this concern has diminished slightly in order to proceed for the advancement. Consumers primarily relate renewable energy with several benefits of environment and the living beings. Despite of common perception, region is also a major factor that influences consumer attitude for the usage of products. For example, UAE is more aware about the eco friendly product and implemented many programs such as carbon footprint, renewable power etc (Harleysville, April 2011). As per modern study, it has been found that eco friendly products are more preferred among other consumable products category and hence, there is a scope for the usage of these products (figure 1) (Harleysville, April 2011) Figure 1: Green purchases are far larger in more consumable categories Source: (Finding the green in todays shoppers) Figure 2: There is a huge prospect for companies to fulfill the latent demand for green products Source: (Finding the green in todays shoppers) The UAE found that adopting eco friendly products is not just good for the environment but it is also good for the business as there is vast opportunity for such products (figure 2) (Carla Ferraro, 2008.). Initially, consumers not eagerly adopts and implements the new technology but because of the threats of global warming and social awareness consumers are getting conscious and concern about the factors and thus contributing to the green environment (Carla Ferraro, 2008.). For Example, as per the news published in the various newspaper of the UAE, most of the consumers are switching towards the uses of Jute bags instead of plastic bags. In context to handmade paper products, consumers trend is gradually increasing with the awareness and education; although the UAE market majorly depend on the import from other countries for eco friendly products. Research Methodology: Research Design: In order to identify and analyze the consumer trends pertain to the Hand Made Paper Products in the UAE region, a research design has been formulated. In order to provide right direction to data analysis in the research we have formulated a well Prearranged Questionnaire. The questionnaire comprises of the questions asking about the characteristics of the Hand Made Paper Products which attracts the consumers towards their usage. The questionnaire is based on the 5 points Likert scale questions for the responses of the respondents in order to analyze the research findings more vibrantly. Please refer Questionnaire Document attached in Appendix for the Questionnaires. Sampling- Random Sampling: The sampling method that has been used in our survey is the Random Sampling Method. Random Sampling Methods include the acquiring of data from a non-specific selection of the target population so as to get a non-uniform data for the areas specified. The questionnaires are distributed among the respondents on the random basis and thus random sampling has been used for the collection of the data of the study by assorting questionnaires. Respondents and Sample Size: The sample size of the study is 100 and the respondents of the study are the retail consumers of various FMCG products. Sources of Data: The data associated with the project has been collected through both the sources i.e. primary as well as secondary sources of data collection. Data Collection: The Information pertaining to the Sources of Data Collection their respective Research Instruments are as follows: Analysis of Findings: Data Analysis: The data provided in this section includes the results obtained from the questionnaire which had been developed for analyzing the consumer trends pertain to the Hand Made Paper Products in the UAE region. Question 1 to Question 5: Q1. Gender: GRAPH: 1 Analysis: The above graph depicts that out of the total respondents of the study, 57% are males and 43% are females. Q2. Age: GRAPH: 2 Analysis: The above graph shows that out of the total respondents of the study, 10% belongs to the age group of 18-24, while 35% belongs to the age group of 25-31. 25% of the respondents belong to the age group of 32-38 years and 30% of the respondents belong to the age group of 39 and above. Q3. Nationality: GRAPH: 3 Analysis: The above graph depicts that 60% of the respondents are from UAE, 25% belongs to other Arabian Countries and 15% belongs to different other countries. Q4. Educational Qualification: GRAPH: 4 Analysis: The above graph shows that out of the total respondents of the study, 10% have qualification up to higher secondary, 20% are graduates, 25% are post graduates, 30% are professionals and 15% having other educational qualification. Q5. Monthly Income: GRAPH: 5 Analysis: The above graph depicts that out of the all the respondents of the study, 20 % have the monthly income of AED 10000-15000, 25% have the monthly income of AED 15001-30000, while 35% have the monthly income of AED 30001-50000 and 20% of the respondents have the income above AED 50000. Question 6 to Question 10: As per Appendix 1 GRAPH: 6: Products used for Carrying Daily Items GRAPH: 7: Affordable Rates and Augmented Quality GRAPH: 8: Multipurpose usability GRAPH: 9 : Market Availability GRAPH: 10: Durability GRAPH: 11 GRAPH: 12: Preference: GRAPH: 13 : Usage GRAPH: 14: Help Factor GRAPH: 15 Analysis of Question 6 to Question 10 as Per Appendix 1 The results of the study depicts that out of 100 respondents 30% prefers to use plastic products, 25% Hand Made Paper Products, 18% Polythene Products, 12% Jute Products and 15% uses other material in carrying daily items. The Hand Made Paper Products available at reasonable and affordable rates and augmented quality 35% of the respondent agrees with the fact. Out of 100 respondents 47 agrees with the fact that the Hand Made Paper Products have multipurpose usability and are easily portable, usable and recyclable. 25% of the respondents strongly agree with the fact that they prefer hand made paper products due to their easy availability in the market. Hand Made Paper Products are non durable to use as per 32% respondents. The Hand Made Paper Products act as good substitutes against harmful polythene products according to 48% strongly agreed respondents. 39% of the respondents agree that they prefer paper products due to the advertisements and environmental awareness. 37% of the respondents strongly agree with the fact that there is significant difference between the usage of handmade paper products and polythene based products. 49% of the respondents strongly agree with the fact that using Hand Made Paper Products is a good way to reduce the amount of paper wastage and they help in preventing deforestation and saving the forest reserves. 47% of the respondents strongly agree with the fact that Hand Made Paper Products help in saving the Earth from Green House Effect Global Warming. Conclusion and Recommendations: Conclusion: Hand Made Paper Products are easily portable, usable and recyclable. They are available easily in the market at affordable rate and good quality; although they are not durable; they are good substitutes against harmful polythene. Hand Made Paper Products is a good way to reduce the amount of paper wastage and they help in preventing deforestation and saving the forest reserves. Hand Made Paper Products helps in saving the Earth from Green House Effect Global Warming. So in order to become socially responsible towards our natural environment we should use hand made paper products in place of harmful plastic products. UAE has been more concern towards the usage of eco friendly products including the Hand Made Paper Products. Recommendations: In order to promote the use of hand made paper products the government should take following steps: Conducting various advertisement campaigns and environmental awareness programs. Put ban on the use of plastic, polythene products and encourage compulsory usage of hand made paper products. It should provide subsidy and financial assistance to the small scale industries which are producing the eco friendly paper products. It should enhance the market of hand made paper products by creating demand and offer supply. Making availability of the home made paper products at various retail shops so as to ensure their maximum usage. References: Carla Ferraro, A. J. ( 2008.). Environmentally Friendly Retailing. The Australian Centre for Retail Studies. Finding the green in todays shoppers. Harleysville, P. (April 2011). Consumer Attitudes About Renewable Energy: Trends and Regional Differences. National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Mohammed unveils UAEs Green Economy. (2012, January 15). Retrieved October 4, 2012, from http://www.emirates247.com/: http://www.emirates247.com/news/government/mohammed-unveils-uae-s-green-economy-2012-01-15-1.437708 Appendix: 1 Questionnaire: Dear Respondent, Please give few minutes to complete this questionnaire. Please be assured that your responses will be kept private and confidential and used for academic purposes only. PERSONAL INFORMATION: Name: __________________________________________________ (Optional). Q1. Gender: Male. Female. Q2. Age: 18-24 Years. 25-31 Years. 32-38 Years. 39 Years and Above. Q3. Nationality: UAE. Other Arabian Countries. Others. Q4. Educational Qualification: Higher Secondary. Graduate. Post Graduate. Professional. Other. Q5. Monthly Income: AED 10000-15000 AED 15001 30000 AED 30001 -50000 Above AED 50000 Q6. Which of the following do you prefer for carrying daily items? Plastic Products Hand Made Paper Products Polythene Products Jute Products Other Q7. Are the Hand Made Paper Products available at reasonable and affordable rates and augmented quality? Strongly Disagree. Disagree. Neutral. Agree. Strongly Agree. Q8. Do the Hand Made Paper Products have multipurpose usability and are easily portable, usable and recyclable? Strongly Disagree. Disagree. Neutral. Agree. Strongly Agree. Q9. Are the Hand Made Paper Products easily available in the market? Strongly Disagree. Disagree. Neutral. Agree. Strongly Agree. Q10. Do the Hand Made Paper Products possess adequate durability? Strongly Disagree. Disagree. Neutral. Agree. Strongly Agree. Q11. Do the Hand Made Paper Products act as good substitutes against harmful polythene products? Strongly Disagree. Disagree. Neutral. Agree. Strongly Agree. Q12. Is your preference towards Hand Made Paper Products due to various Advertisements and Environmental Awareness? Strongly Disagree. Disagree. Neutral. Agree. Strongly Agree. Q13. Do you feel any significant difference between the usage of handmade paper products and polythene based products? Strongly Disagree. Disagree. Neutral. Agree. Strongly Agree. Q14. Using Hand Made Paper Products is a good way to reduce the amount of paper wastage and they help in preventing deforestation and saving the forest reserves. What is your opinion for this statement? Strongly Disagree. Disagree. Neutral. Agree. Strongly Agree. Q15. Do you feel that Hand Made Paper Products help in saving the Earth from Green House Effect Global Warming? Strongly Disagree. Disagree. Neutral. Agree. Strongly Agree

Critique on Relational Dialectics Essay -- Sociology Sociological Essa

Critique on Relational Dialectics A Theory by Baxter and Montgomery Relational Dialectics concerns itself with trying to explain the intricacies of close interpersonal relationships such as those with a lover, close friend, or family. Written by two women, Leslie Baxter and Barbara Montgomery, it comes across a little more "touchy-feely" than other theories. This Humanist quality in the way it iw presented allows myself to critique Relational Dialectics in the following fashion. According to Griffin, there are five standards that are reliable to the critique of Humanist theories, and they are: New understanding of people; clarification of values; aestetic appeal; community agreement; reform society. Taking a closer look. New Understanding of People This standard looks at whether or not the theory opens up a new perspective that is uniquely human. When trying to understand the laws that govern relationships, Baxter and Montgomery looked at many relationships and found that there were contradictions, different expectations, and several other misconceptions. This led the...

Business Ethics :: essays research papers

How to behave toward oneself and toward other individuals is a matter of making choices: whether to be friendly or unfriendly; whether to tell the truth or lie; whether to be generous or greedy; whether to study in order to pass an exam or to spend valuable study time watching television and cheat to pass it. These, and all other questions about how people act toward themselves and one another are dealt with in a field of study called ethics. Another name for ethics is morality. Because both words suggest customary ways of behavior, they are somewhat misleading. It had to do with what should or should not be done. Divide practical wisdom into two parts: moral philosophy and political philosophy. They’re defined together as a â€Å"true reasoned state of capacity to act with regard to the things that are good or bad for man† (Drucker, 1996). One statement of the problem is business organizations, as well as members of society in general, are plagued by the fact that there are liars, cheats, and thieves among us. Liars, cheats, and thieves are not new nor are they likely to disappear. People will do anything and go to whatever extent to get what they want. This is why there’s a lack of ethics. Definition of terms: The word ethics is derived from the Greek ethos, meaning â€Å"character,† the pattern of behavior or personality found in an individual or group; moral constitution, moral strength, self discipline and fortitude (Compton’s Interactive Encyclopedia). The other is from the Latin mores, meaning â€Å"custom† (Compton’s Interactive Encyclopedia). Business Ethics refers to what is right or wrong, or good or bad, human behavior. The concept of business ethics is â€Å"being able to look at your face in the mirror†(Drucker, 1996). Ethics is a code of conduct and values that is accepted by society as being right and proper. Code of ethics is simply a compilation of the rules that are meant to govern the conduct of members of a particular organization or profession. Moral philosophy and political philosophy is true and reasoned state of capacity to act with regard to the things that are good or bad for man. In the daily scramble to get ahead, earn a profit, and outwit competitors, some people don’t play by the rules. Sometimes the culprits are respected and ordinarily well-behaved persons even though they are accused of a crime or offense. Business Ethics :: essays research papers How to behave toward oneself and toward other individuals is a matter of making choices: whether to be friendly or unfriendly; whether to tell the truth or lie; whether to be generous or greedy; whether to study in order to pass an exam or to spend valuable study time watching television and cheat to pass it. These, and all other questions about how people act toward themselves and one another are dealt with in a field of study called ethics. Another name for ethics is morality. Because both words suggest customary ways of behavior, they are somewhat misleading. It had to do with what should or should not be done. Divide practical wisdom into two parts: moral philosophy and political philosophy. They’re defined together as a â€Å"true reasoned state of capacity to act with regard to the things that are good or bad for man† (Drucker, 1996). One statement of the problem is business organizations, as well as members of society in general, are plagued by the fact that there are liars, cheats, and thieves among us. Liars, cheats, and thieves are not new nor are they likely to disappear. People will do anything and go to whatever extent to get what they want. This is why there’s a lack of ethics. Definition of terms: The word ethics is derived from the Greek ethos, meaning â€Å"character,† the pattern of behavior or personality found in an individual or group; moral constitution, moral strength, self discipline and fortitude (Compton’s Interactive Encyclopedia). The other is from the Latin mores, meaning â€Å"custom† (Compton’s Interactive Encyclopedia). Business Ethics refers to what is right or wrong, or good or bad, human behavior. The concept of business ethics is â€Å"being able to look at your face in the mirror†(Drucker, 1996). Ethics is a code of conduct and values that is accepted by society as being right and proper. Code of ethics is simply a compilation of the rules that are meant to govern the conduct of members of a particular organization or profession. Moral philosophy and political philosophy is true and reasoned state of capacity to act with regard to the things that are good or bad for man. In the daily scramble to get ahead, earn a profit, and outwit competitors, some people don’t play by the rules. Sometimes the culprits are respected and ordinarily well-behaved persons even though they are accused of a crime or offense.

Drinking Water Shortage and Water Conservation Essay -- Drinking Water

Human beings and ecological systems depend on water for survival (Kenneth). No human, animal or plant can survive for long without this essential commodity. For us humans, water is the driving engine of most of our economic and recreational activities. For instance, we depend on water for the production of energy in industries, transportation and outdoor recreation. Most of us equally depend on water for the provision of amenity and cultural values. Barlow and Clarke state that one cannot simply whisk away the crisis of fresh water we have in the world today (25). For us, fresh water is very essential for direct consumption. A huge majority of plants and animals also depend on fresh water for survival. Experts predict that if we do not take good care of our water resources, a huge water crisis is in the offing. Since life generally depends on water, it is imperative upon us to adopt solutions that will foster water conservation. Fresh water is a fixed natural resource (Gleick 3). This implies that the supply of fresh water we have in our hydrological cycle cannot go up. According to Barlow and Clarke, almost everything that is being done in the industrialized world has the potential of worsening the already existing fresh water crisis (206). By failing to conserve the water we use, we stand the risk of exhausting all the fresh water we depend on. Studies have already shown that we are quickly running out of fresh water supply world over. This is as a result of dwindling water levels in rivers, lakes and underground aquifers. The consequences of lack of fresh water for consumption are far reaching. For instance, there would be increased cases of waterborne diseases, decreased economic output, reduced agricultural productivity ... ...A Guide to the World's Fresh Water Resources. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993. 3. Print. Jackson, S. Ron. Conserve Water, Drink Wine: Recollections of a Vinous Voyage of Discovery. New York: Routledge, 1997. 34. Print. Kenneth, Frederick. "America's Water Supply: Status and Prospects for the Future." U.S. Global Change Research Information Office. N.p., 11 Nov 2004. Web. 7 Apr 2015. . McCarthy, John. "The Problem of Fresh Water." Stanford University. N.p., 16 Jan. 1996. Web. 7 Apr 2015. . McGovern, Cheryl, and Bastian Robert. "Water Recycling and Reuse: The Environmental Benefits." United States Environmental Protection Agency. EPA Pacific Southwest, 24 Mar. 2008. Web. 7 Apr 2015. .

Unilever in Brazil

The Importance for cleanliness and to make clothes smell good has lead to growing penetration of the detergent powder portrays a cultural influence on the consumers buying behavior. The various reasons that the consumers mentioned for using detergent powder is described in Exhibit . Attribute Importance, Brand Positioning, And Consumer Expectations In the North East Exhibit 1 Source: – Milliner Research Cleanliness which has a 24% Importance helps to determine the motivation of the consumers; they believe that cleanliness Is part of their social status; It also caters to heir need for being part of the society.Only 28% household own a washing machine and the rest 72% household†s washing attitude (behavior) is to scrub the clothes with laundry soap and then add bleach to remove tough stains and only add a little detergent powder at the end to make the clothes smell good. So their perception about detergent powder Is that It Is only for good smell. In the EN, people consid er washing clothes as more of a leisure activity because the activity is generally taken up outdoors (physical environment), in the nearby ponds where people can socialize amongst each other.This is an Important aspect of the culture of EN, which differentiates it from the people of SE. As the social needs (Moscow†s hierarchy of needs theory) of the people are reflected in cloth-washing activity. The influences of mother in the decision making process is substantial in the case of detergents(FMC). Moreover the frequency of washing clothes is higher as they believe that cleanliness of clothes reflect on the responsibility taking behavior of the mother. Low income consumers were attached to boxes and regarded anything else as good for only second-rate products.Mom is positioned specifically to be used in gashing machine which shows that it is targeted for the people belonging to a higher social class. Southeast Region: The lifestyle of people of this region is better than EN whi ch is evident from the 67% of households owning a washing machine. The washing attitude Is more using a machine than hand wash. Hence the consumption of detergent powder Is more as against EN. Their learning from the washing experience is that hard stains are not cleaned in a washing machine in spite of using the most expensive Ana Test product. So teen need to use laundry soaps Tort cleaning ten tough stains on collars.This behavior has led to an 88. % penetration of laundry soaps. Players and brands in Brazil and their strategy: Milliner is the leading player in the detergents industry with a market share of 81%, with the detergent division in the cash-cow phase (as outlined in the BCC growth-market share matrix), helping the company generate funds to fuel the growth of its upcoming segments of home-care and personal-care products, which were still at a nascent stage. The market structure could be considered as a duopoly, with Milliner and P&G as the major players in the organized market.The market has been broadly categorized into the detergent odder and the laundry soap segments. The former is predominantly used in the SE part, while people in the EN used it in little quantity to make the fabric smell good. Hence, the growth of this segment was comparatively higher (stood at 17% against 6% for laundry soaps). The entry barriers were quite high for the detergent powder segment because of high investment in terms of the capital outlay, as sophisticated processes and machines were used in the manufacturing process.At 75%, Milliner†s share of the EN detergent market is below its national average as against P&Gs market share which is slightly above its sectional average. The local brands make up for only 8% of the share. A detailed breakup of the market share of each of the brands is shown in exhibit 2. Market Share and Wholesale Price of Major Brands in the Laundry Soap and Detergent powder categories in Northeast in 1996 senses Detergent Powder 70. 00% 60. 00% 50. 00% 40. 00% 30. 00% 20. 00% 10. 00% 0. 0% Laundry Shop Exhibit 2 Source: – Nielsen On the other hand, the laundry soap segment had low entry barriers because of the ease of the manufacturing process for soaps, as it could be produced relatively easily using animal fats and oils. The water in EN is soft as compared to SE region. Thus the amount of foam created is more leading to a higher usage and also appealing the consumers. Milliner faced competition in this segment from other established local players, like AS whose brand BEMA-tee-vi had an market share. SOOT ANALYSIS Strengths: 1.Milliner is leading the detergent powder category with 81% market share achieved with mainly three brands; Mom one of Brazil†s favorite brands across all categories; Minerva the only brand to be sold as both detergent powder and laundry soap; and Campfire, Milliner†s cheapest brand. . Brand Recognition: a. Milliner brands have a good market position as it was a pioneer of the consumer goods industry in Brazil. As against the other brands in the market, Milliner products have the higher % of brand knowledge, market penetration and top-of-mind awareness.Weakness: 1 . Distribution: Milliner is lacking the expertise in distribution of its products among the small outlets. In approximately 75,000 small outlets it is hard to find any of the Milliner products. Local distribution is important as the low-income consumers rarely shop in large supermarkets like Wall-mart. . Price: EN is a price sensitive region. For such consumers price = quality. So Milliner†s premium brand, Mom is perceived as a high quality at a premium position, while the other Milliner brands are considered to be of inferior quality. . Mom is regarded as the best product while the others are hardly able to satisfy the customers† expectations. 4. No prior knowledge or experience of dealing with low-income consumers. Opportunities: 1 . The EN market has good scope for growth. The re is a big possibility of better business with respect to the low-income consumers. 2. P&G has not entered into the laundry soap market. So Milliner only has a few local competitors. And since the usage of laundry soap is the maximum in EN, Milliner can capture the market for laundry soap. 3.The purchasing power of the low-income consumer has grown by 27% during 1995-96 which will probably lead to an increase in the usage of detergent. 4. The EN is 48 million predominantly low-income consumers whose consumption is 42,000 tons of detergent and 81 ,250 tons of laundry soap which is a big number. 5. Brazilian government is providing tax incentives to encourage investments in EN. 6. EN women wash frequently (5 times per week). Cleanliness is part of their culture. Also the symbolic value they attach to cleanliness is of high regard. . 28% of EN has washing machines. 8. Popularity of laundry soaps is higher in EN region due to the softness of the water in this region. Threat 1 . Brazil (EN) has illiteracy rate of 40% which can lead to unemployment. Such factors can have an adverse effect on the purchasing power. 2. P&G is a strong competitor in detergent powder market with Ace ranking third in the market share. 3. The R&D of P&G as a whole is far advanced than Milliner. Strategy for Milliner in Brazil Marketing communications strategy options (Chris Fill, 2005, Peg. 32) Strategy Pull Push Profile Target audience Consumers End-user bib customers Channel intermediaries All relevant stakeholders Message focus Product/ service Product/service The organization Communication goal Purchase Purchase Developing relationships and distribution network Building reputation The push strategy is aimed at pushing the product through the channel intermediaries and then finally to the end users. Whereas a pull strategy is aimed at pulling the consumers to retailers.A successful marketing involves a mixture of push through the trade and pull from consumers and thus the two areas are not mutually exclusive. , Peg unlived can Implement ten Tooling strategies: 1 . Push Strategy (Promotional Strategy) (Chris Fill, 2005) Manufacturer Wholesaler or Distributor Direction of Communication Retailer or value-added reseller Consumer or buyer The consumers in Brazil have a strong brand knowledge and top of mind awareness for the Milliner products. Mom is regarded as one of the premium products and does not have a close competitor.But this product is beyond the budget of the low- income consumers and hence the people of this particular sector cannot afford this brand. But by taking the advantage of the brand success, there are two options that Milliner can adopt: 1 . Launch a completely new product under the brand name of Mom with different detergent formulae. 2. Use one of the brands that satisfy the requirements of the low-consumer of a detergent from its existing portfolio. There is a disadvantage with the 1st option; the cost involved in the R&D in formulating a deterg ent from the scratch would be an additional expense in the budget.In option 2 t is not certain if the launch of an existing brand from the portfolio will be interpreted the way it is expected. The risk involved in the 2nd option is higher than the price factor in option 1. Thus option 1 although involves more time is a much wiser decision. Hence under the brand extension, launch a new product under the Mom brand (family) umbrella. Therefore the marketing mix (4 AS) for this strategy would be: Product: Package the product in different quantities of games, games and 1 keg so that it is affordable for people having either a weekly or a monthly budget.Like every other product of Milliner let this new product also be distributed in boxes as the low-income consumers consider anything other than a box to be inferior. At the same time design the packaging in such a way that it protects the contents from humidity and also very attractive to pull the attention of the buyers. Include pictures of popular parties like Carnival so that people can relate it to their rich cultural background. Price: Keep the price of this new product definitely less than Mom but almost of the same range as Campfire since for the low-income consumers price= (is equal to) quality.Hence lesser the price, the more it is vulnerable to be perceived as a low standard product. The wholesale price of Campfire is 1. 7/keg so the pricing for the new product could be between 1. 5 and 1. 7 per keg. Promotion: Promotions in this case rules out some of the forms like personal selling as the targeted market is very large, also television marketing as most of the people are low-income families, even magazine ads as most of them are illiterate.So the forms that will make an impact on the consumers are: direct marketing, buzz, word of mouth, banners with simple messages relating to the cultural and religious history EN has. Concentrate on visibility of the products in small stores so that when customers enter t he store they should realize that there is a new product which is catering to their needs, this way create an Montreal Impact on ten minas AT ten consumers Tort Tanat product. Place: Milliner lacks the distribution skill in EN.More than 75,000 small outlets don†t have any of the Milliner products. So the first step towards placing the new product is to make sure Milliner does a strategic distribution among the small outlets as the consumers in EN usually shop at a nearby store instead of going to large stores. Also considering the fact that 21% of consumers in SE are in the social class E, the new product should be carefully placed among the small outlets even in the SE region. 2.Pull Strategy(Selling Strategy) (Chris Fill, 2005) Communication Flow Originator or manufacturer Wholesaler Flow of goods and services Retailer Customer The consumption of laundry soap in Brazil is (6. 8+20. 4) keg and the detergent consumption is (12. 9+11. 4) keg. These figures reveal a very importa nt fact that many of the consumers are still tied to laundry soap and so by using the â€Å"pull† strategy, Milliner should attract these laundry soap consumers towards detergent powder. The pull strategy is successful when people have brand awareness and go to the shop to buy a particular product.So considering the washing habit (detergent powder in a very small quantity only for good smell), one of the ways of pulling the customers towards the detergent usage is by giving a small sachet of the new product for free with every purchase of a laundry soap(Minerva). By doing this the consumers would be forced to use the product and if the performance of the new product is convincing to them then the chances of people switching to detergent is tie high, which in turn will increase the brand recognition of the new product and as a result it would be a success of the pull strategy.Also once the consumers start buying the new product reward them by putting some coupons inside the pa ckaging so that the consumers are motivated to buy it the next time. Moreover, certain freebies like a container to store the detergent, a spoon to measure the quantity of detergent to be used in a given amount of water, can be deployed during the initial phases of launch of the product.One more way to increase the brand awareness of the new product is to vive a demonstration of the new product in and around the small outlets or at places most visited by the targeted consumers. Refill packs should be produced, and the product should be made available across all locations, because of the very nature of the product which is that it is a low-involvement one, and people would not travel long distances to buy the product.Since the product is targeted to a low-income and price sensitive segment, the company should make sure that it optimizes the distribution network and save on the logistics cost so as to transfer the benefits to he end consumer. While the product is gaining more brand lo yalty, the producer/ manufacturer should make sure that the new product is available on all the shelves (small stores, large malls) Tanat consumers can possibly reach out to. 0 encourage this give suitable incentives/rewards to the dealers. Thus convince the retailers to stock up in response to the demand created for the new product. The success of the new product can be achieved by striking a perfect balance between the push and pull strategies. So push or launch the product into the market and create awareness or the same and through the pull strategy create a strong affinity for the new product thus converting the laundry soap users to detergent powder.

Bank holiday

I have read the story under the title â€Å"Bank Holiday† by Katherine Mansfield. Speaking about the author, I should say that Katherine Mansfield was born In New Zealand In 1888. Katherine Is a New Zealand writer and she Is known by her short stories which deal with human nature and psychology. This Is a philosophical story for a discerning reader who has to read between the lines.Giving the reader a chance to see somebody else s inner life, presented directly and indirectly, the author at the same time does not provide any answers to the questions that one asks himself. The author seems to grant the reader a chance to take leave to doubt and disagree with what he concludes and infers. Being imposing, she's at the same time pretty unobtrusive which definitely, makes a merit of the story. The story under consideration is narration interlaced with descriptive passages.This story is ironical when the author shows regret, displeasure and annoyance of the situation. The author sh ows us Inconsistence way of life different representatives of social classes. In this story details play the main role, the Ironical description of their clothes, the old Oman the author reserved detachment and metaphor, he compares old women with old dusty pin-cushions. Through the choice of the words, the author uses for main characters' description, we can easily understand the author's attitude to them.The author criticizes them. The plot of the short story relies on the internal conflict between the crowd and society. The action of the story occurred in the street during celebrating the holiday. The story under analysis is a third-person narrative. The story is about a festival, which involves a big crowd of People from all different social lasses, to spend a Good time together and enjoy themselves. The main problem that story touches upon Is about people's unwillingness to improve their life, to achieve something better.The character of the story Is a middle-class crowd, miser able people described with bitterness who haven achieve anything but remained the past old times. There Is no action and the events are trivial but we understand the unhappiness of the existence of the crowd. On the one hand their life is dynamic but it's concentrated on trivial events, nothing important, all these people remained in the past. This life is concentrating on some talking, that it's nothing important. The author is disguised.The crowd is presented by different people, but all of them are similar in their world view, besides poor clothes they are illiterate. The way people spill the lemonade they spill their lives. The author addresses to the reader â€Å"Look out! Don't spill your own lives†. She described people without any future. The story falls into three logically connected parts. The first part of the story is taken up the introduction of the crowd, on the one hand they are different people, but all of them haven't any future.The story presents some pictur es and the flirts of them Is crowd, people who are quite and who understanding the music . Then It presents children. They might have had something better but they haven't an opportunity to develop In such society. There a lot of detachments, so the author underlines all the details not to miss anything. Alliteration in the sentence: and is dissolved, and the crowd scatters, mobbing slowly up the hill† produces affect on the reader. The author uses a lot of verbs: â€Å"dodging, nudging, talking†¦ † To show the aggressiveness of the situation.The subject of the depiction in the second part is a fair, during which people sell ugly things and it metaphorically shows. This fact proves the ugliness of the crowd's existence The story reaches the climax by gradation. The crowd rise top on the hill and it seems that something must change but everything remains the same and they continue to live a useless life. The idea of the text can be state as follows: the author is tr ying to convince the reader that people must not waste their life. Every person has a chance for a better life, but he does it better by himself.

Athletic Activities

Whether played or watched, athletic activities have greatly impacted on the environment. The footprints of the participants highly abuse the natural environment. For example, the Ski slopes cause a lot of disruption to the alpine ecosystem. On the same pedigree, snowmobiles spew exhaust a lot of fumes into the air. When spewed, the fumes become dangerous to the living organisms within the environment (O'Reilly et al. 2015). Similarly, the golf courses sprawl across the land, and in long run, consume a large number of pesticides and water. The land dug causes a lot of potholes on the land, which is a residing place for the insects. Stagnant water encourages the breeding of land and water organisms and animals like snakes, which are dangerous to the health of man. Well notable, many golf players prefer their courses to be blanketed in the velvety green grass. They do this regardless of where the course is located, be it the beach, the desert, or a naturally lush locale. While carrying out the course, there are a lot of potholes that are dug in the environment. According to Mullenbach and Green (2018), despite high-level use, documented cases of environmental harm from pesticides on golf courses are rare. In one instance, hundreds of Canadian geese have been found dead on the Seaway Harbor fairways in Hempstead, New York apparently, which was poisoned by diazinon. As a result of this, an organophosphate insecticide was subsequently banned from golf course application following the manner in which it was destroying the environment. Another organophosphate pesticide, known as fenamiphos, has produced fish kills when washed into waterways from golf courses after heavy rains (Mullenbach and Green 2018). Today, fenamiphos is now being phased out in Florida, where these fish kills have occurred, and a nationwide ban will be complete in 2007, Cohen says. Cohen believes that when properly applied, golf course pesticides pose a low risk of exposure to players and nearby residential population

Movie Review: Water Essay

Deepa Mehta’s movie entitled â€Å"Water† is a depiction of women and religion strugle within the culture of India. The characters in this story provided an attempt to justify the significance of women and religion to their society. The water in this movie played an important role into the characterization of the personas. It shows the main character’s personality and the being as the story progresses. However, it was not a just a simple of womanhood but a sturcture of a childhood persona. The main character is a young woman with a dead husband at the age of 8 years old. The writer and director of this film, generalized the concept of oppression towards women identity and struggle. Mehta wanted to justify the clashes between the concept of being a woman and the way on how women perceived religion. It was seen that the main character chose her family rather than the religion that she has. The whole story focused its attention on the culture and tradition of India when it comes to women and religion. Even if the director used different images and symbols that tackles the issues of the society, she still stands towards the issue of women especially on how religion perceived their character as part of the society. It is a dramatization of fear, anger, and dilemma of the main character towards her environnment. She is full of struggle throughout the movie that gave her the capability tp stand towards her beliefs. However, despite of her conviction when it comes to her social issues, personal problems occured within her especially financial circumstances. In conclusion to this, the whole story is simple but made a dramatic construction of the issues that are needed to obtain. At the end of the story, there is no concrete solution within the main persona and all her existing conflicts in life. Nevertheless, the writer and director discussed all the relevant issues that are connected to the main conflict as a way of justifying the thoughts and angst of the moral society. Reference Mehta, D. â€Å"Water†

Final Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Final - Research Paper Example The necessity to create and develop new and cleaner supply of energy is both an imperative of environmental conservation and economics. The urgency of creating and developing new energy supply is urgent due to the damage wrought by the excessive carbon emission of the traditional sources of energy that caused irreversible climate change and other irreversible damage to the environment (Kelly, 2008). One alternative that is seriously considered is nuclear power. Just like any other source of power, nuclear power has its benefits and disadvantages. One of the most popular argument for the preferential use of nuclear power as an alternative source of energy is that it does not produce pollutants and thus can mitigate the effect of climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emission especially carbon dioxide. It also makes energy supplies more secure as the diversification of energy source will lessen the dependency on fuel imports. It is also a cheap source of energy as one single nuclea r power plant can produce tremendous amount of electricity. There are however concerns about the use of nuclear power as an alternative source of energy. Foremost to these concerns is the possibility of a nuclear meltdown just like what happened to Chernobyl and Fukushima Daiichi in Japan. Next is the issue of the disposal of radioactive waste which can prove to be deadly when a living thing is exposed, that includes humans, animals and plants. The Chernobyl disaster demonstrated how devastating a nuclear meltdown is that the nearby town of Pripyat in Ukraine still remained uninhabited today after the 1986 disaster and made it a reason why nuclear technology should not be used. The present reality however compels a serious consideration of an alternative source of energy. At present, other sources of energy are already depleted because they are non renewable and needs to be abandoned because they pollute the environment (Armaroli, & Balzani, 2011). Nuclear power provides an excellen t alternative because it does not release any pollutants to the atmosphere. Unlike the traditional fossil fuel which converts itself into carbon dioxide during its conversion into electrical energy, nuclear power does not emit carbon dioxide because it is not being burned to create electrical energy (Clemmit, 2010). Energy is created in a chemical process which decomposition takes place exothermally that heats up a water to create a steam that would consequently propel the connecting turbine to create electrical energy from a stored chemical energy. This technology was already available since 1600s and may have been first used as a weapon to bomb the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in the Second World War (Graetz, 2011) but it was only in 1957 that it was first used as a source of energy when the first nuclear power plant was constructed at Pennsylvania when a uranium atom was discovered that could be split to produce sub-atomic particles of high energy content (Kelley, 2008). The nuclear power as a source of energy also proved to be efficient because it only requires a very small amount of raw materials to produce a large quantity of energy (Cavallaro, 2010). Raiput even estimated that it a single nuclear plant could supply energy for an entire country for a long time (2006). It is also cost efficient because it requires minimal cost in its maintenance that could last up to sixty years (the regular